#Pendahuluan
Routing Information
Protocol (RIP) adalah sebuah protokol routing dinamis yang digunakan dalam
jaringan LAN (Local Area Network) dan WAN (Wide Area Network). Oleh karena itu
protokol ini diklasifikasikan sebagai Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
RIP adalah routing vektor jarak-protokol, yang mempekerjakan hop sebagai
metrik routing. Awalnya setiap router RIP mentransmisikan / menyebarkan
pembaruan (update) penuh setiap 30 detik. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ini
RIP versi 1salah satu implementasi dynamic routing protocol. Dynamic routing
protocol sendiri didefinisikan sebagai routing protocol yang memungkinkan
router-router yang dikonfigurasi dapat saling bertukar informasi routing secara
dinamis.
Ada tiga versi dari Routing Information Protocol: RIPv1, RIPv2, dan
RIPng.
- RIP
versi 1
Spesifikasi asli
RIP, didefinisikan dalam RFC 1058, classful menggunakan routing. Update routing
periodik tidak membawa informasi subnet, kurang dukungan untuk Variable Length
Subnet Mask (VLSM). Keterbatasan ini tidak memungkinkan untuk memiliki subnet
berukuran berbeda dalam kelas jaringan yang sama. Dengan kata lain, semua
subnet dalam kelas jaringan harus memiliki ukuran yang sama. Juga tidak ada
dukungan untuk router otentikasi, membuat RIP rentan terhadap berbagai
serangan.
2. RIP versi 2
Karena
kekurangan RIP asli spesifikasi, RIP versi 2 (RIPv2) dikembangkan pada tahun
1993 dan standar terakhir pada tahun 1998. Ini termasuk kemampuan untuk membawa
informasi subnet, sehingga mendukung Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR).
Untuk menjaga kompatibilitas, maka batas hop dari 15 tetap. RIPv2 memiliki
fasilitas untuk sepenuhnya beroperasi dengan spesifikasi awal jika semua
protokol Harus Nol bidang dalam pesan RIPv1 benar ditentukan. Selain itu,
aktifkan kompatibilitas fitur memungkinkan interoperabilitas halus penyesuaian.
Dalam upaya untuk menghindari beban yang tidak perlu host yang tidak berpartisipasi dalam routing, RIPv2 me-multicast seluruh tabel routing ke semua router yang berdekatan di alamat 224.0.0.9, sebagai lawan dari RIP yang menggunakan siaran unicast. Alamat 224.0.0.9 ini berada pada alamat IP versi 4 kelas D (range 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255). Pengalamatan unicast masih diperbolehkan untuk aplikasi khusus. (MD5) otentikasi RIP diperkenalkan pada tahun 1997. RIPv2 adalah Standar Internet STD-56
Dalam upaya untuk menghindari beban yang tidak perlu host yang tidak berpartisipasi dalam routing, RIPv2 me-multicast seluruh tabel routing ke semua router yang berdekatan di alamat 224.0.0.9, sebagai lawan dari RIP yang menggunakan siaran unicast. Alamat 224.0.0.9 ini berada pada alamat IP versi 4 kelas D (range 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255). Pengalamatan unicast masih diperbolehkan untuk aplikasi khusus. (MD5) otentikasi RIP diperkenalkan pada tahun 1997. RIPv2 adalah Standar Internet STD-56
3. RIPng
RIPng (RIP Next Generation / RIP
generasi berikutnya), yang didefinisikan dalam RFC 2080, adalah perluasan dari
RIPv2 untuk mendukung IPv6, generasi Internet Protocol berikutnya. Perbedaan
utama antara RIPv2 dan RIPng adalah:
- Dukungan
dari jaringan IPv6.
- RIPv2
mendukung otentikasi RIPv1, sedangkan RIPng tidak. IPv6 router itu, pada
saat itu, seharusnya menggunakan IP Security (IPsec) untuk otentikasi.
- RIPv2
memungkinkan pemberian beragam tag untuk rute , sedangkan RIPng tidak;
- RIPv2
meng-encode hop berikutnya (next-hop) ke setiap entry route, RIPng
membutuhkan penyandian (encoding) tertentu dari hop berikutnya untuk satu
set entry route
Untuk lebih jelasnya akan di aplikasikan dalam
topologi di bawah ini
#Konfigurasi
Router>ena
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fast
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#rou
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#cop
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router1
Router#sh
Router#show ip ro
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
R 10.10.10.0 [120/1] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 10.10.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 112.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Konfigurasi pada Router2
Router>ena
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fas
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#ro
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#
Router#copy
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router2
Router#sh
Router#show ip rou
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 10.10.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 112.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.10.10.2, 00:00:01, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.20.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0/0
Konfigurasi pada Router3
Router>ena
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fas
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 112.16.30.0 255.255.255.0
Bad mask /24 for address 112.16.30.0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 112.16.30.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#rou
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 112.16.30.0
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#cop
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router3
Router#show
Router#show ip ro
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 10.10.20.0 [120/1] via 10.10.10.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/0/0
112.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 112.16.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.10.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/0/0
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fast
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#rou
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#cop
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router1
Router#sh
Router#show ip ro
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
R 10.10.10.0 [120/1] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 10.10.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 112.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.20.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Konfigurasi pada Router2
Router>ena
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fas
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.20.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/1, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#ro
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.20.0
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#
Router#copy
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router2
Router#sh
Router#show ip rou
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 10.10.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 112.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.10.10.2, 00:00:01, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.20.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0/0
Konfigurasi pada Router3
Router>ena
Router>enable
Router#conf
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface fas
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 112.16.30.0 255.255.255.0
Bad mask /24 for address 112.16.30.0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 112.16.30.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#inter
Router(config)#interface se
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip ad
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#
Router(config)#rou
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#ver
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 112.16.30.0
Router(config-router)#net
Router(config-router)#network 10.10.10.0
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#cop
Router#copy ru
Router#copy running-config st
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router#
Hasil IP Route pada Router3
Router#show
Router#show ip ro
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 10.10.20.0 [120/1] via 10.10.10.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/0/0
112.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 112.16.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 10.10.10.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/2] via 10.10.10.1, 00:00:00, Serial0/0/0
#Hasil Konfigurasi
Setelah d konfigurasi, maka akan dapat dilihat hasilnya seperti di bawah ini
#hasil PC 4 membuka domain di server dapat dilihat seperti di bawah ini
dari screenshoot tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa konfigurasi yang dilakukan telah berhasil.
